Enforcement hub

Which foreign judgments are enforced in the United States

This hub tracks how foreign judgments and arbitral awards reach enforcement in the United States, jurisdiction by jurisdiction. There is no treaty route: the US signed the 2019 Hague Judgments Convention but never ratified it. Judgments are recognised under state law, on a state-specific deadline. Arbitral awards follow a separate route under federal law, generally more reliable, with a three-year deadline that courts have not always applied consistently once it lapses.

Index

Enforcement in the US runs state by state, because the applicable deadline and the admission conditions are set where recognition is sought, not by one federal rule. Start at the enforcement hub for the full map of origin countries and other target jurisdictions. Country pages already reviewed for this target cover judgments and awards from the UAE, Switzerland, Cyprus, Germany, Spain, and Luxembourg, each with the deadline and route that apply to that pair. For how the applicable forum is worked out once a target state is fixed, see the O8 refusal note.